Forests can provide natural solutions to climate change and social well-being through innovative management and restoration including protection of mother trees and soils, carbon and conservation financing, and emergence of value-added industries. For students without strong science backgrounds. Not available for credit to Faculty of Forestry students. [3-0-0]

This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

Estimating causal relationships in natural resource economics; applied data analysis; econometrics; counterfactual thinking, and applications to the economics of: natural resource conservation, species loss and extraction, protected areas, international trade of wildlife products, and endangered species legislation. Prerequisite: One of LFS 252, STAT 200, BIOL 300, ECON 326, COMM 291, FRST 231 and one of ECON 101, ECON 310.

The mechanics and productivity of a broad range of forest harvesting systems combined with topics on forest access. [3-0-1] Prerequisite: One of ECON 101, FRST 101. Corequisite: FRST 318.

Science of cultivating forest stands, including influence of climate and soil, characteristics of tree growth and stand development, and forest types and plantation designs. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.