Principles of geophysical survey design, data acquisition, processing and interpretation with emphasis on near-surface problems. Magnetic, seismic reflection/refraction, electromagnetic and ground penetrating radar surveys. Case history analysis of environmental and geotechnical problems. [3-2-0] Prerequisite: One of MATH_V 200, MATH_V 253 and third-year standing or higher in Science or Applied Science.

Mechanisms and processes of past and future global climate change. Climate models and projected impacts. Climate solutions including carbon sequestration, adaptation and geoengineering. [3-0-0] Prerequisite: Either (a) SCIE 001 or (b) one of CHEM 110, CHEM 111, CHEM 120, CHEM 121, CHEM 141, CHEM 154 and one of MATH 101, MATH 103, MATH 105, MATH 121 and one of PHYS 101, PHYS 106, PHYS 107, PHYS 117, PHYS 131, PHYS 153, PHYS 157.

Theories of storage and movement of water within groundwater systems; Groundwater-surface water interaction; Role of groundwater systems in watershed management and regulating the environmental impacts of global change; Groundwater sustainability; Impacts of climate & land use changes on groundwater resources This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading. [3-0-1] Prerequisite: (a) 3rd year standing in Science, Land and Food Systems, or Forestry; and (b) One of MATH 101, MATH 103, MATH 105, MATH 121, SCIE 001.

An introduction to the oceans and the processes that have shaped them, their composition and movement, waves, tides, beaches, interactions with the atmosphere and human exploitation of the non-living resources. Not for credit for students in specializations administered by the Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences. (https://www.eoas.ubc.ca/undergrad/degrees). No background in science or mathematics is required. [3-0-0] Prerequisite: Class standing 2.

Introduction to diversity of marine habitats and ecosystems; hydrothermal vent, intertidal, coral reef, estuarine, deep sea, and polar ecosystems; impacts of ecosystem change; evolution of ocean plankton; invasive species; climate change; pollution. [3-0-0] Prerequisite: One of SCIE 001, CHEM 110, CHEM 111, CHEM 120, CHEM 121, CHEM 141, CHEM 154.