Properties and composition of natural waters, including gas and solid equilibria, pH and acidification, redox chemistry, complexation, corrosion, ion exchange, colloids and microbial transformations. [3-0-0] Prerequisite: One of CHEM 123, CHEM 130, CHBE 220. and Third year standing.
Engineering concepts of demand side management (DSM), energy auditing, analysis of buildings and industrial equipment, measurement & verification, and system data analysis. Energy efficient technologies for green buildings and industrial processes. Behavior and energy use. DSM policy concepts.
Energy policy process and governance. Sustainable energy as a social and political challenge, formal government structures and process, actors in the policy, policy analysis, policy instrument, and energy planning and approval processes, including environmental assessment. Introduction to demand-side energy policy.
Biophysical and human causes of short- and long-term environmental change at various spatial scales, including measurement, interpretation, and policy.
Concepts in sustainability around technology and material use; relevance of biological ecology to industrial ecology; life cycle analysis: components and applications; and approaches to design. [3-0-2] Prerequisite: BEST 200.
Concepts and techniques employed in environmental research; challenges in the areas of climate change, water use, knowledge translation and natural hazards.
Economic, social, political and cultural structures and institutions that shape contemporary socioecological challenges.
Synoptic and mesoscale meteorology and weather forecasting applied to wildfires. Effect of weather on fire behaviour, danger, smoke, climate and sustainability at the urban-forest interface. [2-2-0] Prerequisite: One of ATSC 201, GEOS 200.
Climates over the geological, historical and instrument periods. Theories of climatic change. Monitoring and modelling the climate system. Impacts of change on environmental and socio-economic systems.
Effects of climate change on fish physiology, fisheries and aquaculture on regional and global scales. Third-year standing or higher. Prerequisite: BIOL_V 121.