Economic analysis of taxation. Equity, efficiency, and incidence of government revenue sources such as personal and corporate income taxes, sales taxes, property taxes, payroll taxes, and environmental taxes. Prerequisite: One of ECON 301, ECON 304, ECON 315, COMM 295 and one of ECON 302, ECON 305, ECON 309.

Industrialization of an agrarian economy; how the West grew rich; history of Japanese development; technical progress and growth; evolution of the patterns of income distribution; role of international trade in development; environment and development. Prerequisite: One of ECON 301, ECON 304, ECON 315, COMM 295.

Economic analysis applied to problems of land use. Rent theory. Land valuation. Land conservation. Techniques for assessing economic efficiency of land use. Effects of institutions and public policies on land use. Credit will be granted for only one of ECON_V 374 or FRE_V 374. Prerequisite: One of ECON_V 101, ECON_V 310. Equivalency: FRE_V 374.

Techniques and problems in benefit-cost analysis of public projects. Examination of alternative approaches to public decision-making such as cost-effectiveness analysis and multiple-objective frameworks. Case studies of projects in the areas of natural resources, the environment, human resources, public services, and transportation. Prerequisite: One of ECON 101, ECON 310.

Application of economic analysis to marriage, fertility and health, gender inequality in labour markets and unpaid caregiving; the application of sex and gender-based policy analysis to topics related to employment, and technological and social change in current and historical perspectives. Prerequisite: One of ECON 101, ECON 310 and one of ECON 102, ECON 311.