Climates over the geological, historical and instrument periods. Theories of climatic change. Monitoring and modelling the climate system. Impacts of change on environmental and socio-economic systems. Credit will be granted for only one of ENST 312 or GEOG 312. Recommended pre-requisites: one of GEOS 102, GEOB 102, GEOS 200, GEOB 200, GEOS 204, GEOB 204, ATSC 201, EOSC 112 and 3rd year standing. Equivalency: GEOG 312

Concepts of environment, resources and sustainability; the roles of physical and human geography in understanding the interaction of humans and the environment; introduction to management of environment-resource systems. Credit will be granted for only one of ENST 310 or GEOG 310. Equivalency: GEOG310

Theoretical work concerned with confronting, resisting and overcoming various forms of colonialism and globalization. For ENGL courses at the 200- or 300- level, prior completion of at least one 100- level ENGL course is recommended.

Literary and cultural networks relating to societies in the Global South; may address areas such as colonization, decolonization, nationalism, social movements, forced and voluntary migrations of peoples, cultural hybridity, translation, and globalization. Consult department website for current year's offerings. For ENGL courses at the 200- or 300- level, prior completion of at least one 100- level ENGL course is recommended.

Indigenous writing and cultural expression in national and/or international contexts. Consult department website for current year's offerings. Credit will be granted for up to 6 credits of ENGL 373 and/or 476. For ENGL courses at the 200- or 300- level, prior completion of at least one 100- level ENGL course is recommended.